Obesity and cancer: Studies highlight different aspects of the connection
Obesity-related metabolic and inflammatory disorders appear to constitute the main biological link between obesity, cancer, and racial/gender health inequities, either alone or in combination. The particular cross-talk between these elements, however, is still unknown. Three new publications in the newest online issue of Obesity focus on distinct elements of the obesity and cancer connection, which is extremely important in understanding the association between obesity-associated inflammation and comorbidities with cancer genesis, progression, and intervention.
"The role of metabolic variables including lipids, insulin, and leptin in obesity on the modulation of immunosuppressive and pro-oncogenic capabilities of myeloid cells, as major participants in chronic inflammation, which is a characteristic of obesity and cancer, was highlighted in the review. Furthermore, while maintaining a healthy weight is an important principle in cancer prevention, obesity—in the context of a specific metabolic and inflammatory phenotype that has yet to be defined—seems to be beneficial for anti-cancer immunotherapy, according to a clinically and scientifically exciting discovery reported lately "Maria D. Sanchez-Pino, MSc, Ph.D., said Assistant professor of research at the Stanley S. Scott Cancer Center, member of the LSU Health Sciences Center's Departments of Interdisciplinary Oncology and Genetics, and corresponding author of the study "Obesity-Associated Myeloid Immunosuppressive Cells, Key Players in Cancer Risk and Immunotherapy Response." "Understanding the molecular processes through which obesity-related metabolic variables activate or augment the action of Myeloid-derived Suppressor Cells (MDSC) and immunosuppressive macrophages will allow us to develop biomarkers for prognosis and therapeutic responses, as well as prospective drug targets." for pharmaceutical treatments, and finally disrupt the pathophysiologic inflammatory connection between fat and cancer."
Justin Brown of the Louisiana State University (LSU) Pennington Biomedical Research Center in Baton Rouge, La., and a member of the LSU Health Science Center's Stanley S. Scott Cancer Center are co-authors of Ramos. Pino's The review was professional and non by Augusto Ochoa of the Stanley S. Scott Cancer Center at LSU Health Sciences Center, School of Medicine in New Orleans, and Linda Anne Gilmore of the University of Washington Southwestern Medical Center in Dallas.
Brown also stated in his paper "Obesity and Cancer Risk in White and Black Adults: A Prospective Cohort Study" that race and sex have a role in explaining important differences in the predictive connections of obesity and cancer risk. The body mass index and waist circumference were not positively related to cancer risk in Black men in his prospective cohort analysis of 18,296 Caucasian and African-American people with cancer. However, a higher body mass index and waist circumference were linked to a higher risk of cancer in White males and White and Black women.
Other authors of the study include Shengping Yang, Emily Mire, and Peter Katzmarzyk from the LSU Pennington Biomedical Research Center in Baton Rouge, and Xiacheng Wu, who is also part of the School of Public Health/Louisiana Tumor Registry, and Lucio Miele, Jovanny Zabaleta and Augusto Ochoa of the School of Medicine, LSU in New Orleans.
Brown also participated in the symposium titled "Hitting A Triple—Diabetes, Obesity, and the Emerging Links to Cancer Risk," during ObesityWeek 2019 in Las Vegas. During the symposium, experts discussed the state of the science and highlighted research gaps with the mechanistic link between diabetes, obesity, and cancer. The researchers and clinicians settled that because the prevalence of obesity and diabetes increases, which in turn amplifies the risk of malignancies, clinical and public health interventions are urgently needed. Researchers explained that identifying how to disrupt the linkages among obesity, diabetes, and cancer can transform the health and wellness of society; such a discovery would represent a "grand slam" for public health and medicine.
The papers, titled "Obesity and Cancer Risk in White and Black Adults: A Prospective Cohort Study" and "The Triple Health Threat: Diabetes, Obesity, and Cancer—Epidemiology, Disparities, Mechanisms, and Interventions" will be published in June 2021 print issue. The third paper, "Obesity-associated Myeloid Immunosuppressive Cells, Key Players in Cancer Risk and Response to Immunotherapy" is already online.
More information: "Obesity and Cancer Risk in White and Black Adults: A Prospective Cohort Study" Obesity (2021). onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/oby.23163
"The Triple Health Threat: Diabetes, Obesity, and Cancer—Epidemiology, Disparities, Mechanisms and Interventions" Obesity (2021). oi/10.1002/obonlinelibrary.wiley.com/dy.23161
"Obesity‐Associated Myeloid Immunosuppressive Cells, Key Players in Cancer Risk and Response to Immunotherapy" Obesity (2021). DOI: 10.1002/oby.23108
Citation: Obesity and cancer: Studies highlight different aspects of the connection (2021, May 24) retrieved 25 May 2021 from https://medicalxpress.com/news/2021-05-obesity-cancer-highlight-aspects.html
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